Financial products that are not traded on the stock exchange, but are settled bilaterally between trader and buyer and, above all, hedge funds. – The main disadvantages of this form of trading are: – the volume of transactions and the prices remain hidden; – the price formation process is not transparent; – there is no market monitoring as on the stock exchange; – the risk content of the traded securities remains largely unknown; and – in the event of unexpected price distortions (reeling of prices) on the financial market, OTC trading abruptly comes to a halt, as has been clearly demonstrated on several occasions and most recently in the slipstream of the turmoil surrounding the subprime crisis. – This is because hedge funds continuously raise money for their various market activities and offer assets as collateral. If the value of the collateral offered falls as a result of general market developments, the banks approach the hedge fund with a request for additional funding. In order to be able to meet this demand, but also to settle the current payments, securities are sold from the fund’s assets. There is therefore a lack of liquidity for the purchase of new securities. – The advantage of over-the-counter transactions is that they can be executed within a very short time. The time between the offer of a special purpose vehicle to a hedge fund to acquire securitized securities made via telemedia (all electronic communications channels) and the purchase commitment on the part of the fund management is often only minutes. – See derivatives transactions clearing obligation,
Derivatives transactions reporting obligation, hedge fund risks, listing, mentioned, over-the-counter trading. – Cf. Financial Stability Report 2011, pp. 43 f., p. 75 (intransparency of OTC trading in general and of over-the-counter derivatives markets in particular; measures to establish market transparency in OTC trading), Financial Stability Report 2012, pp. 92 ff. (intransparent over-the-counter derivatives market poses high risks), Financial Stability Report 2013, pp. 91 ff. (systemic risks in over-the-counter derivatives markets; detailed presentation).
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University Professor Dr. Gerhard Merk, Dipl.rer.pol., Dipl.rer.oec.
Professor Dr. Eckehard Krah, Dipl.rer.pol.
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