International Economic Terms

E-commerce refers to commercial activity carried out with the aid of digital networks, including online processes for offering, ordering, delivering, or paying for products and services. …

Earmarking means designating specific assets to secure specified obligations, so that those assets are tracked separately instead of forming part of a common collateral pool. This …

Economic analysis is the process of combining economic data, models and expert judgment to understand current conditions and inform monetary-policy choices. It assesses how demand, supply, …

Economic analysis provides the evidence and interpretation needed to judge how the economy is evolving and how monetary-policy decisions may affect it. It covers current activity, …

Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) denotes the EU framework for coordinating national economic policies and operating a common monetary system, including the euro for the countries …

Under accrual accounting, an economic event is assigned to the period in which it occurs, irrespective of when the related cash is paid or received. The …

Within the Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process (ICAAP), the economic perspective evaluates whether an institution has enough internally available capital to absorb the risks identified through …

The euro’s effective exchange rate (EER) is an index of its external value against a selected basket of partner-country currencies. Exchange-rate movements are weighted according to …

The effective lower bound (ELB) is the lowest level to which a central bank can reduce its policy rate before further cuts lose much of their …

An EFTPOS terminal is a merchant-facing device for handling electronic payments at the point of sale. It reads the customer’s payment credentials and submits the transaction …