The fluctuations (oscillations: fluctuations above and below a mean value) in the production of goods and services over time. – A distinction must be made between volatility at the microeconomic level (companies) and in the economy as a whole. Because output volatility is also (significantly!) influenced by the state of the financial markets, central banks monitor this development. – See volatility, two-pillar principle, cyclicality. – Cf. Monthly Report of the Deutsche Bundesbank of October 2009, pp. 35 et seq. (policy articles, overviews; references; output volatility in the financial crisis), Monthly Report of the ECB of December 2011, pp. 82 et seq. (output volatility in the context of financial crises; overviews).
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University Professor Dr. Gerhard Merk, Dipl.rer.pol., Dipl.rer.oec.
Professor Dr. Eckehard Krah, Dipl.rer.pol.
E-mail address: info@ekrah.com
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard_Ernst_Merk
https://www.jung-stilling-gesellschaft.de/merk/
https://www.gerhardmerk.de/
Passende Formel
Standardabweichung
Die Streuung in derselben Einheit wie die Beobachtungswerte ausdrücken.
Variablen: s Standardabweichung; s² Varianz.
Anwendung: Für Streuungsvergleich, Standardisierung und Risikomessung.