Insurance introduced in Germany in 1883. – Its main features are: – equal financing by employers and employees, – self-administration, and – the coexistence of various individual funds. – In the meantime, statutory health insurance has grown into an important parafiscal system; its budgetary development is reported on an ongoing basis in the statistical section of the respective monthly report of the Deutsche Bundesbank, under the heading “Public Finances in Germany. – See Demographic hardening, Health care expenditure, Sickness benefits, Long-term care insurance, Tax financing. – Monthly Report of the Deutsche Bundesbank of December 2008, pp. 10 ff. (key data on statutory health insurance including long-term care insurance; overviews), Monthly Report of the Deutsche Bundesbank of December 2009, pp. 9 ff. (increase in expenditure; federal allocations; overview). In the respective annual report “Statistics on primary insurance companies and pension funds” of BaFin, also overview of contributions, investments and the earnings situation of health insurance companies in Germany as well as other key figures with explanations; Monthly Report of the Deutsche Bundesbank of July 2014, p. 31 ff. (detailed presentation of health insurance in the financial cycle; many overviews: important relationships mapped empirically).
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University Professor Dr. Gerhard Merk, Dipl.rer.pol., Dipl.rer.oec.
Professor Dr. Eckehard Krah, Dipl.rer.pol.
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