A ratio that relates the maximum possible output of an economy or company to its actual output. – See capacity utilization rate, output gap. – Cf. the respective rates of change in the annex “Euro area statistics” to the respective ECB Monthly Report; Deutsche Bundesbank Annual Report 2006, p. 27 (figures 2000 to 2007), ECB Monthly Report October 2007, p. 50 ff. (explanation of measurement techniques; many overviews; relationship between capacity utilization and prices), ECB Monthly Report September 2009, p. 74 ff. (relationship between economic cycle phase and capacity utilization; overviews; literature), ECB Monthly Report October 2010, p. 46 ff. (capacity utilization in the euro area since 1985; overviews), ECB Monthly Report of February 2011, p. 70 ff. (links between capacity utilization and investment activity; many overviews), Deutsche Bundesbank Annual Report 2010, p. 33 (capacity utilization 20042010), ECB Monthly Report of June 2011, p. 78 ff. (capacity utilization and output gap since 1995; overviews), ECB Monthly Report of August 2014, p. 65 ff.
(new determinant of capacity utilization in the service sector presented).
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