English

Very broad legal term that includes all unauthorized acts in connection with payment transactions. This also includes providing false personal data when opening a bank account (deceitful data when opening a bank account; account…

Term used in connection with euro bonds in spring 2011 to describe the fact that, in the case of joint European loans, countries with previously good ratings – such as Germany, Luxembourg or the…

Any contract by which the contract portfolio of an insurance company is transferred to another company. – Since 2008, it has been the responsibility of the insurance supervisory authority to determine the reasonable value…

Unless explicitly defined otherwise, this refers to cash benefits paid out to private households by the government (e.g., relief payments, unemployment, disability and child allowances, or education grants). – See Citizen’s Income, Third-Gate Money,…

Unless explicitly defined otherwise, this refers to cash benefits paid out to private households by the government (e.g., relief payments, unemployment, disability and child allowances, or education grants). – See Citizen’s Income, Third-Gate Money,…

In the case of loans by a bank to foreign currency areas, the possibility that – servicing (interest and repayment) in freely convertible currency is prohibited by political authorities or even – the debt…

In the case of loans by a bank to foreign currency areas, the possibility that – servicing (interest and repayment) in freely convertible currency is prohibited by political authorities or even – the debt…

In the spring of 2010, a widespread, insinuating term used in connection with the establishment of the European Stabilization Mechanism and the aid provided to Greece, which was close to national bankruptcy, and then…

In the spring of 2010, a widespread, insinuating term used in connection with the establishment of the European Stabilization Mechanism and the aid provided to Greece, which was close to national bankruptcy, and then…

The transfer of an asset or money but subject to the proviso that it can be reversed, either by the transferor revoking it or by other circumstances justifying revocation (a transfer of an asset…

The transfer of an asset or money, but subject to the proviso that it can be reversed, either by the transferor revoking it or by other circumstances justifying revocation (a transfer of an asset…

The execution of payments or the transfer of securities between two settlement systems (the settlement of a payment or securities transaction through a link between two separate payment systems or securities settlement systems). Attention:…

The execution of payments or the transfer of securities between two settlement systems (the settlement of a payment or securities transaction through a link between two separate payment systems or securities settlement systems). Attention:…

In terms of the ECB’s sin, the subsidization of the budgets of stumbling EMU members, and thus a diversion of purchasing power from the core of the monetary union to its periphery. The central…

In terms of the ECB’s sin, the subsidization of the budgets of stumbling EMU members, and thus a diversion of purchasing power from the core of the monetary union to its periphery. The central…

The irrevocable and unconditional transfer of an asset or money that is unconditional, enforceable and irrevocable. – See call, settlement confirmation, book profit, closing, manzipation, mistrade, closing bill, settlement, transfer, true sale securitization, transfer,…

The irrevocable and unconditional transfer of an asset or money that is unconditional, enforceable and irrevocable. – See call, settlement confirmation, book profit, closing, manzipation, mistrade, closing bill, settlement, transfer, true sale securitization, transfer,…

In the context of the ECB’s liquidity monitoring of monetary financial institutions, this refers to the possibility of mobilizing money invested in financial instruments using payment facilities – such as checks, transfer orders and…

In the context of the ECB’s liquidity monitoring of monetary financial institutions, this refers to the possibility of mobilizing money invested in financial instruments using payment facilities – such as checks, transfer orders and…

Deposits received by a bank – usually from the central bank or a public sector agency – with the obligation to grant loans in corresponding amounts (money the taking of which by the banks…

Money that a bank receives from a third party – usually from a public sector body – with the instruction to pass it on to a specific payee (credit which originates from an other…

Duty levied on consignments of goods coming from abroad – for example: Rotterdam – coming, through the national territory – here. Germany – and are transported again abroad – for example: Basel – go.…

Duty levied on consignments of goods coming from abroad – for example: Rotterdam – coming, through the national territory – here. Germany – and are transported again abroad – for example: Basel – go.…

Pay for a civil servant or pastor who has temporarily left his or her position until he or she is otherwise deployed (otherwise deploying the officer), then also called waiting pay, bridge money, tide-over,…

Payment received from the employer by employees leaving the service. – Under German social law, a benefit paid to insured persons who, as a result of an insured event, receive payments for participation in…

Payment received from the employer by employees leaving the service. – According to German social law, a benefit for insured persons who, as a result of an insured event, receive payments for participation in…

The way in which monetary policy decisions ultimately affect an economy or currency area, and here again primarily output and prices. The transmission channels of such measures (impulses) are called transmission channels. Monetary policy…

The way in which monetary policy decisions ultimately affect an economy or currency area, and here again primarily output and prices. The transmission channels of such measures (impulses) are called transmission channels. Monetary policy…

Regulation issued by the EU in 2004 with the aim of subjecting issuers throughout the EU to uniform transparency requirements – above all: regular financial reports, disclosure of shareholdings. The directive had to be…

Regulation issued by the EU in 2004 with the aim of subjecting issuers throughout the EU to uniform transparency requirements – above all: regular financial reports, disclosure of shareholdings. The directive had to be…

Regulations that came into force in March 2008 in connection with the EU’s Transparency Directive. In the course of this, additional reporting thresholds were introduced for changes in voting rights (3, 15, 20 and…

Regulations that came into force in March 2008 in connection with the EU’s Transparency Directive. In the course of this, additional reporting thresholds were introduced for changes in voting rights (3, 15, 20 and…

A committee in connection with Basel II that develops detailed guidelines for disclosure requirements. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for private purposes without express consent! University…

A committee in connection with Basel II that develops detailed guidelines for disclosure requirements. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for private purposes without express consent! University…

The ability of an ordinary investor to discern the precise business situation of a company in general and of an institution in particular from the figures presented. – The ability to see through the…

The ability of an ordinary investor to discern the precise business situation of a company in general and of an institution in particular from the figures presented. – The ability to see through the…

With respect to monetary policy, the disclosure of the reasons for decisions on general guidance and on specific measures taken by a central bank. – In relation to a company, the disclosure of assets…

With respect to monetary policy, the disclosure of the reasons for decisions on general guidance and on specific measures taken by a central bank. – In relation to a company, the disclosure of assets…

In the case of issuers, the decision as to which admission follow-up obligations they wish to assume in the event of listing on the stock exchange. With such a classification, the company demonstrates to…

In the case of issuers, the decision as to which admission follow-up obligations they wish to assume in the event of listing on the stock exchange. With such a classification, the company demonstrates to…

Payment for shipping cargo from one port to another via a third port; this is still often done today for customs-related considerations. – Invoiced expenses for the unloading and reloading of goods from one…

Payment for shipping cargo from one port to another via a third port; this is still often done today for customs-related considerations. – Invoiced expenses for the unloading and reloading of goods from one…

The maker of a bill of exchange (a writer of a draft), i.e. the bill creditor. – In older documents also said at all of someone who collects a debt. In old expressions such…

The maker of a bill of exchange (a writer of a draft), i.e. the bill creditor. – In older documents also said at all of someone who collects a debt. In old expressions such…

The party to whom a draft is made and who is to pay it (the party directed to pay the amount of a draft), i.e. the bill debtor. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected…

The party to whom a draft is made and who is to pay it (the party directed to pay the amount of a draft), i.e. the bill debtor. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected…

A company in which, in a business premises or via web-based technology – that is: based on, working with, the World Wide Web – travel is conventionally – arranged, – tickets are sold, –…

A generic term for any type of insurance taken out in connection with a trip. The term “travel” covers both a change of location itself and the stay at the destination. A distinction is…

Payment to a person who has to visit a distant place on official business. This is intended to compensate for traveling costs and additional expenditure on meals. – Means of payment – also in…

Checks issued by banks or financial companies that are used primarily in international travel, are denominated in fixed amounts in a specific currency and must be acknowledged with a (settlement) signature upon receipt of…

Domestic central bank money spent by individuals for business or private purposes abroad. Such movements are important for a country’s balance of payments statistics. – The introduction of euro cash has made the statistical…

An instruction addressed to a bank or several institutions in Germany or abroad to hand over a certain sum of money to the beneficiary. Travelers’ letters of credit appeared en masse in Germany –…

In older documents, the payment for the treasure seeker (a person who searches for a hidden treasure). Contrary to official warnings and sometimes even prohibitions, there were gullible people who believed wandering treasure seekers…

In older documents, usually the generic term for any regular levy that directly binds the obligor to pay. In contrast, surcharges – usually only as a plural term – are called levies included in…

In older documents – the repository – in earlier times well-guarded vaults – of state revenues, also called gazophylakium and cazine (cacine: this word originally only the name for the treasury of the Turkish…

Securities previously used in Germany for the Bundesbank’s open market policy, usually with a maturity of three days. They served to absorb short-term liquidity on the money market. Formally, they were federal issues; in…

Interest-bearing, short- to medium-term debt obligations of the government in bill-like form. – In the U.S.A., a distinction is made between – short-term Treasury bills with a term of 3 to 12 months and…

Securities issued in Germany by the Federal Government with a maturity of six or twelve months. Like Treasury discount papers, they are discount securities; the interest rate is therefore equal to the difference between…

In older literature often used for – contract in general, – credit covenant: an agreement relating to terms in lending, or – arrangement, settlement between the bank and its customer. Attention: The financial encyclopedia…

Payment that used to be regularly payable on entering or driving into an area demarcated by toll bars (toll bar, turnpike, barrier; barrier barriers, boundary barriers, drop trees). – See bridge toll, toll road…

Forecasts of future economic developments made by banks and research institutes. – As has been shown repeatedly, such forecasts are only of limited use. This is because changes in the economic and political environment,…

Forecasts of future economic developments made by banks and research institutes. – As has been shown repeatedly, such forecasts are only of limited use. This is because changes in the economic and political environment,…

to follow a lengthened course): Trading on the stock exchange mainly with a view to the longer-term prospects of the underlying asset and less with regard to instantaneous circumstances (trading strategies intended to speculate…

to follow a lengthened course): Trading on the stock exchange mainly with a view to the longer-term prospects of the underlying asset and less with regard to instantaneous circumstances (trading strategies intended to speculate…

In older documents, often a generic term for tributes. – A one-time or regular payment, usually to a ruler for his supremacy or protection (as an acknowledgment of submission, or as the price for…

In older documents, often a generic term for tributes. – A one-time or regular payment, usually to a ruler for his supremacy or protection (as an acknowledgment of submission, or as the price for…

All income earners gain from an economic upswing in a country sooner or later. This fact can be proven from history with a fair degree of certainty. – See Inequality Trap. Attention: The financial…

All income earners gain from an economic upswing in a country sooner or later. This fact can be proven from history with a fair degree of certainty. – See Inequality Trap. Attention: The financial…

A country whose currency is accepted globally and in which many internationally traded goods are valued – such as the USD – faces either – rampant money creation or – a steadily increasing current…

A country whose currency is accepted globally and in which many internationally traded goods are valued – such as the USD – faces either – rampant money creation or – a steadily increasing current…

Within the global financial world still a difficulty. – In Northern and Central Europe usually: million times million, i.e. 1,000 billion = 1012 – In the USA and France: thousand times million, i.e. one…

In the context of EU lawmaking (EU community law), the European Commission, the Council of Ministers, and the European Parliament. – See trilogue procedure. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may…

In the context of EU lawmaking (EU community law), the European Commission, the Council of Ministers, and the European Parliament. – See trilogue procedure. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may…

Within the EU, a practice of mediation between the three institutions involved in the legislative process, namely – the EU Commission, – the Council of Ministers and – the EU Parliament. In a formal…

Within the EU, a practice of mediation between the three institutions involved in the legislative process, namely – the EU Commission, – the Council of Ministers and – the EU Parliament. In a formal…

Unless otherwise defined, this refers to the simultaneous achievement of the following objectives: – exchange rate stability, – independent monetary policy as central bank policy, and – free movement of capital. It is often…

A code used by rating agencies to denote the highest credit rating (AAA) (the phrase triple A, or AAA, refers to the top score awarded for a specific paper by various rating agencies. It…

A code used by rating agencies to denote the highest credit rating (AAA) (the phrase triple A, or AAA, refers to the top score awarded for a specific paper by various rating agencies. It…

Business principle now also used by banks and capital management companies to assess a company on the basis of its results in the three areas – financial performance, – protection of the environment, and…

Business principle now also used by banks and capital management companies to assess a company on the basis of its results in the three areas – financial performance, – protection of the environment, and…

In the context of the Eurozone, the trio of the European Commission, the European Central Bank, and the International Monetary Fund. These three worked together, especially on the rescue plans for Greece and Cyprus,…

In the context of the Eurozone, the trio of the European Commission, the European Central Bank, and the International Monetary Fund. These three worked together, especially on the rescue plans for Greece and Cyprus,…

Outstanding buildings known to the general public, primarily in large cities, which are readily acquired by funds of all kinds, especially by sovereign wealth funds. The primary objective is demonstrably often the associated attention…

Outstanding buildings known to the general public, primarily in large cities, which are readily acquired by funds of all kinds, especially by sovereign wealth funds. The primary objective is demonstrably often the associated attention…

Unless otherwise defined, these costs include expenses due to (by reason of) – unreliable infrastructure, – problems with supervisory authorities (excessive regulatory density; opaque regulations; arbitrary application), – widespread briberies (the offering, giving, receiving,…

Unless otherwise defined, these costs include expenses due to (by reason of) – unreliable infrastructure, – problems with supervisory authorities (excessive regulatory density; opaque regulations; arbitrary application), – widespread briberies (the offering, giving, receiving,…

Anglo-Saxon weight measure for precious metals. 1 troy ounce and also called fine ounce = 31.1034768 grams; troy from the French city of Troyes on the Seine, formerly an important trading and trade fair…

Anglo-Saxon weight measure for precious metals. 1 troy ounce and also called fine ounce = 31.1034768 grams; troy from the French city of Troyes on the Seine, formerly an important trading and trade fair…

to exchange): At least partial payment in goods, such as crops or commodities, instead of payment in money, also called wage in kind. – The eligibility of the truck system depends on whether the…

to exchange): At least partial payment in goods, such as crops or commodities, instead of payment in money, also called wage in kind. – The eligibility of the truck system depends on whether the…

Receivables of one or more banks are – combined into a single package (portfolio; special assets, portfolio), – purchased by a special purpose entity – together with the risk and – after division into…

Receivables of one or more banks are – combined into a single package (portfolio; special assets, portfolio), – purchased by a special purpose entity – together with the risk and – after being divided…

Segment of the securitization market launched by German banks in April 2003. – See originate-to-distribute strategy, securitization, true sale securitization. – Cf. Annual Report of the Deutsche Bundesbank 2003, p. 55 (presentation). Attention: The…

Segment of the securitization market launched by German banks in April 2003. – See originate-to-distribute strategy, securitization, true sale securitization. – Cf. Annual Report of the Deutsche Bundesbank 2003, p. 55 (presentation). Attention: The…

In financial parlance, the practice of holding a check at the institution at which it was deposited – or at an intermediary institution – and electronically forwarding the essential information on the check to…

In financial parlance, the now widely used practice of holding a check at the institution at which it was deposited – or at an intermediary institution – and electronically forwarding the essential information on…

A group company (intra-corporate operating unit) that provides financial services exclusively within the group (corporate group) within the parent, subsidiary and sister companies. – Until now, such companies have generally not been considered credit…

Unless otherwise defined, in the financial world this refers to the transfer of provisions for pension payments from a company’s balance sheet to a trust company. The latter invests the money in various financial…

Unless otherwise defined, in the financial world this refers to the transfer of provisions for pension payments from a company’s balance sheet to a trust company. The latter invests the money in various financial…

Generally, the appointment of a person or a company to independently take care of business, such as the management of assets, which one cannot, will not or may not take care of oneself. –…