English

On a guitar, any string higher than the twelfth string on a guitar. The name is said to come from the fact that artists can earn more money at concerts with a sound extended…

Colloquially, a person or entity that sucks a person’s money instead of blood (a human mosquito that sucks money instead of blood). – See Beschores, cold calling, steam room, darkrooming, financial vulture, money church,…

The change in the money supply within a currency area during an underlying period. – See money surplus. – Cf. ECB Monthly Bulletin, December 2001, p. 11 et seq, Monthly Report of the Deutsche…

Widespread, derogatory term for the view that the value of money depends entirely on the quantity of money (quantity theory of money in a narrow sense; strict quantity theory). As experience teaches, other factors…

M1 plus deposits with a maturity of up to two years and deposits redeemable at notice of up to three months. – See M2. – Cf. the annex “Euro area statistics,” section “Monetary developments,…

In central bank calculations, the positive deviation of the actual money supply from a target value determined by model calculations (equilibrium quantity). The negative deviation is called money deficit. – See money squeeze, money…

Folk term for the ability to cut off (axe the money supply) or stop altogether (zuzrehen; cut off the money supply, turn-off the flow of funds) the inflow of funds to a person or…

Those who seem to lose all cognitive ability, logic, and short-term memory when it comes to paying a bill, and this usually manifests itself visibly in bill stacking. – Research in monetary psychology seems…

In the older literature, the teaching of knowledge about the different kinds of money (monies) – and in the narrower sense about the coins (coinage) – and their exchange relationship to each other. –…

Colloquially – and with money-critical, although mostly personally money-greedy scribblers – contemptuously said for a bank (a bank where people go to get money and worship it). With their at least formerly temple-like counter…

A railroad train that carried money in armored wagons and regularly could not be stopped. In the past, this train carried money in specially secured wagons, often accompanied by guards, and usually ran from…

In the context of remittances, a service provider that handles the delivery of migrants’ money – usually in the local currency – destined for their families back home. No reliable information is currently available…

In fairy tales, a plant whose fruits are coins of gold or banknotes (a magical plant that grows currency and from which gold coins or banknotes can be harvested). – From there figuratively said…

The view held by some classics of economics that money measures merely represent real economic transactions. It is therefore possible to remove this veil without hesitation in order to recognize the underlying heart of…

A not exactly poor but stingy person who appears outwardly unkempt and especially sloppily dressed (someone who has money enough, but does not like to spend it, normally associated with unkempt people wearing unstylish,…

Colloquially used of a company – and especially in the telecommunications industry, but also in the financial sector, – that uses bait prices and opaque general conditions to fleece its clients (a company, generally…

Generally, an option that is structured in such a way that, if the contractually agreed conditions are met, the investor will receive back all or part of the money paid in (a warrant that…

Old term for coins that were – adulterated by the addition of base metal (called grist [shred]; not scrap, as some textbooks say) to the precious metal (called grain) or – circulated counterfeit, usually…

Central bank money made available to banks at a low interest rate by the central bank as part of its monetary policy. As a rule, this is linked to the expectation that banks will…

In a broader sense, any loan without a fixed maturity date; however, it can be called immediately, any day, by the lender or the borrower. – Deposits with a bank that are due immediately,…

Unless otherwise defined, banknotes that are no longer negotiable due to mechanical or chemical influences. The Deutsche Bundesbank maintains a separate department in Frankfurt that attempts to reconstruct damaged euro notes for consignors –…

In general, means of payment that are not used and, in particular, do not bear interest. – In particular, coins – and, less frequently, banknotes – which are hoarded by private households. – See…

The amounts obtained from criminal acts. – Sums evaded from legally required levies. – See bank information, observation note, financial fugitive, secret book, money laundering, account disclosure, account freeze, offshore financial centers, black money,…

The payment of a sum that seems much too high in comparison to the service rendered in return (money or reward earned for little or no effort). – See bonus, handshake, golden, sleeping money.…

Unless otherwise defined, the means of payment tied to precious metals. – See banking theory, currency theory, money, private, hard money, Spores Raffel. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only…

Hard money, coins; usually meaning unadulterated curant coins of silver and gold. – See eject money, bimetallism, fox, secret money, squeezed, coin, sounding, coin paradox, pagament, spores reffel. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected…

Inflow of deposits from abroad into a currency area due to – higher interest rates or – speculative expectations, especially: devaluation of the domestic currency or appreciation of the targeted currency. However, a permanent…

Unadulterated means of payment with stable value. In a letter by Pope Innocent III from 1199, which is important for the history of money, this is laid down as an unconditional should-rule for the…

The requirement that money must not have any effect on the economic cycle. – See money neutrality, long-term, money veil, money purpose, money-matters theorem. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may…

Monetary value as represented by a claim on the issuer, which – is stored on an electronic device, – is issued on receipt of central bank money, and – is accepted as a means…

Unless otherwise defined, unusually large deposits held by banks in the central bank’s account. This can be observed in times of crisis, when institutions prefer to settle for a low but safe interest rate…

A monetary system conceived and introduced around 1970, especially by the economist Friedrich August von Hayek, in which several banks are allowed to use the same currency unit into circulation. According to the AntiGresham’s…

Counterfeit currency. – Amounts from obscure or questionable sources (money from an obscure or questionable source). – Currency subject to high inflation (currency devaluated by inflation). – Phantom money (money which for some reason…

Funds raised primarily from companies, trade associations, labor unions and other stakeholders (interest groups, lobbyists) for election campaign purposes in the hope that the elected official will show his or her gratitude to the…

In an entity and especially in a state, the actions of the decision-makers depend on the payment of appropriate sums by individuals or by money-rich groups; (an entity or in the stricter sense a…

In the financial market in general, the planned, targeted monitoring of a transaction (the act of painstaking surveillance of a transaction). – In particular, all measures to detect illegal payment flows and financial transactions,…

Unless otherwise defined, in the financial sector, a monitory letter is a letter of warning sent by the supervisory authority to an institution. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only…

In older financial language, also a reminder to the debtor to meet his obligations. – See money forgiven, creditor, liquidant, default. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used…

In relation to the financial market, the assertion that events are determined by a single cause (monocausal). However, this is not the case. For it is demonstrable that the expectations of suppliers and demanders…

An insurance company that specializes in hedging credit risks (an entity that provides credit default swaps [CDS] for specific types of assets). – An insurance company which specializes in providing its own [high] corporate…

In the USA, insurance companies that originally only insured bonds issued by cities and municipalities against default, i.e. they were active on only one line of business (monoline). The proof of such insurance makes…

Means of payment made of only one metal, especially gold or silver. – See bimetallism. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for private purposes without express consent!…

In older documents, a loan secured by pledge on immovable property-including jewelry, clothing, or appliances-especially to distressed private households and by institutions established specifically for that purpose (pawnbroking establishments: pawnshops, Monte de Pietà, Monte…

In futures trading, the term for a later delivery to be made only after the contract has been concluded (futures delivery months other than the spot or front month). Attention: The financial encyclopedia is…

A loan given or taken out for one month, after the expiration of which an extension (extension of a period) may occur. – See money market rates. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by…

Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) is a key financial metric for businesses that operate on a subscription-based model, like Software as a Service (SaaS) companies. It calculates the predictable revenue a company can expect to…

All institutions operating in Germany are required by Section 25 of the German Banking Act (KWG) to report certain statistical data to the Deutsche Bundesbank and the supervisory authority. – Cf. the statistical part…

In older documents, someone who lends money against collateral provided by land (real property). – See monte, pawnbroker. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for private purposes…

In general, a non-market-oriented, unrealistic offer price. – A very high price which functions as the “original” price for discounts, but is never seriously demanded in full. – In financial jargon, also used in…

The offer by institutions to receive customers in the bank building late at night, usually on a very specific day of the week. – See bank, user-friendliness, direct banking, mobile banking, home banking, infrastructure…

Decreased mindfulness in behavior when one can expect that others – such as: Health insurance, insurance, central bank, security fund, state – will (co-)bear any losses (the lack of any incentive to guard against…

By means of finely graded pronouncements, ranging from well-meant advice to sharp disapprobation, the supervisory authority or the central bank addresses players in the financial markets in order to induce them to do or…

Generally, an agreement between creditor and debtor that the claim arising from a loan or issue is not to be enforced until the financial situation of the obligor improves (the temporary suspension agreed by…

Generally, all tradable securities backed by real estate (securities which are backed [collateralized] by a pool of mortgage loans; this instrument is one of the most frequently resorted to forms of securitizations). – See…

An institution whose main activity is to lend on real estate (lending business, creditor-creating business) and to reissue the claims acquired in this way as bonds (mortgage-backed covered bonds, bonds issues from mortgage banks)…

Liabilities for which there is a lien on real estate. The ECB monitors the level of and changes in mortgage debts, primarily because of the risk of interest rate changes in mortgages. – See…

An additional loan on existing residential property. If the market price of residential property increases, then the nominal loan-to-value of the property becomes higher. This enables a private household to take out an additional…

Any loan from a bank secured by real property. – See mortgage debt. – Cf. Deutsche Bundesbank Monthly Report June 2013, p. 47 (breakdown of mortgage loans to households). Attention: The financial encyclopedia is…

In older documents, a common term for the removal of a financial obligation by paying off. – The court declaration of invalidity of a lost instrument, especially a security. – See amortization; caducation. Attention:…

In Germany, these companies, which are important for the financial market due to the regular payment of premiums and the investment of assets, are subject to supervision by the Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin).…

Former fee for the temporary use of the alps owned by the lord or the community (alp = here: mountain pasture, upland meadow). – See Trift money. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by…

All things that can be moved from one place to another without regard to their material nature (all transferable items; it includes furniture, jewelry, movable machinery, rights such as copyright and patents, securities, or…

Particularly in older insurance contracts, the term for movable property, as opposed to real property as immovable assets. – Chattel law is the term used for property law relating to movable assets, as opposed…

A sum of money that a company pays to someone who moves to a new area in order to work for the company. (a sum of money that a company pays to someone who…

A sum of money that a company pays to someone who moves to a new area in order to work for the company. (a sum of money that a company pays to someone who…

World index that tracks the performance of the world’s most important stocks (Morgan Stanley Capital International, an international equity index). Some people draw conclusions about the global supply of liquidity from its level. –…

In Islamic banking, a contract under which, as a rule, one party raises the capital for a venture and the other party does the work and also manages the business. – The distribution of…

A bank or a fund is divided into different business areas, in the case of a bank often divided into three parts: private banking, investment banking and asset management. These business areas operate largely…

An institution that offers customers the opportunity to connect with it through a variety of channels. – See bank, mixed, bank portal, ease of use, call center, direct bank, electronic banking, internet bank, Metcalfe…

A credit facility (credit line: the amount committed to a borrower up to which the borrower may borrow from the bank) that may be drawn on optionally in two or more of the currencies…

Electronic means of payment in the form of a cash card that can be used for various purposes. If the card is rechargeable, it is also referred to as an electronic purse. – See…

In the U.S., agreement between the Securities and Exchange Commission and regulators in other countries on certain supervisory issues, in particular on disclosure obligations of foreign companies admitted to trading on U.S. stock exchanges.…

In the wake of the subprime crisis and its aftermath, a demand arose that the global financial market should not be limited to a few large stock exchanges – such as New York, London,…

Institution of the World Bank, founded in 1988, based in Washington, DC. Its mission is to promote direct investment in developing countries through (partial) guarantee underwriting to cover political risk (expropriation, war and civil…

Internationally standardized exchange of information relating to securities between supervisory authorities. – See Memorandum of Understanding. – For details, see BaFin’s 2005 Annual Report, p. 59. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright…

Unless otherwise defined, this refers to the fact that a private household – or, more rarely, a company, where it is customary to maintain accounts – has accounts with several banks. Because, according to…

Unless otherwise defined, this refers to the trading of a company’s shares on stock exchanges in different currency areas. The central bank can also draw conclusions about the exchange rate of the currencies involved…

A member of the board of directors of a company also serves as a managing director of one or more other companies. For the financial sector, the supervisory authorities have introduced restrictions on multiple…

Investment fund whose units have different rights and obligations (share classes). – For the share classes numerous arrangements are possible. Often it is divided according to – investor group: private investors, institutional investors, –…

In terms of financing for major investments, the raising of capital for the project from a variety of lenders-banks, funds, government agencies-domestically and abroad. – See co-investment, cornerstone investor, fundrasing, landmark building loan, public-private…

A common term within the Institute for the press referee or public relation officer (information commissioner). The term is said to have entered from the soldier language of the Swiss army, where the press…

An increase in the inflation expectation rate leads to higher interest rates. However, the actual increase in interest rates is lower than the inflation expectation rate. This is usually true until the actual or…

Issuance by cities, municipalities and municipal associations on the capital market. The assets and tax capacity of the respective issuer serve as collateral. – See bond, bank bond, municipal bond, monoliner, mortgage bond, public.…

A bond issued by larger cities for which the issuing municipality is liable for servicing (interest and repayment). – See bond, municipal bond. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only…

Public-law institutes through state awarding, which are established by the association of owners of built-up properties – or properties under construction – or of hereditary building owners for the purpose of granting repayment loans…

Public-law institutes through state awarding, which are established by the association of owners of built-up properties – or properties under construction – or of hereditary building owners – for the purpose of granting repayment…

In Islamic banking, a purchase and repurchase agreement in which an asset is acquired by the bank on behalf of a customer. The customer buys the asset from the bank at a predetermined repurchase…

An insight gained from reason and diverse experience with closely meshed systems; system understood here as a network of individual components that together form a purposeful, interrelated and interdependent unit, such as the financial…

In Islamic banking, a profit and loss contract when financing a project. The bank and its customer jointly acquire ownership of the project according to the capital contributions made. Any losses are usually also…

A sum to be paid in advance by musicians performing in public places to the municipality for permission to play music at certain times of the day, also called musician’s fee and barrel organ…

In old documents, the fee for the sworn mother (mothers; weighting master) who weighed grain on behalf of the public or at the request of the contracting parties, also called grain meter. Attention: The…

A fee formerly paid by sheep farmers in Germany, also called mutton fee. Originally, this was only required for grazing (pasture) on manorial land. The levy was initially paid in goods, usually agricultural produce.…

An open-end securities fund (a professionally managed firm that gathers money from many investors and puts it into stocks, bonds, short-term money market instruments, and other securities.). – See Capital Management Company, Multiple-Class Fund.…

Unless otherwise defined, the particular system of exchange without money proposed by Pierre-Jospeh Proudhon (1809-1865). Companies receive loans without interest. – It remains open how producers should be made to provide also those goods…

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and one thousand, – a large indefinite number. – See expenses. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for…