English

In many financial mathematical models, the assumption that the returns of an asset follow a normal distribution such that small percentage daily gains or daily losses are much more likely than medium or large…

In the wake of the subprime crisis, Northern Rock, the respected English mortgage bank also widely known as a sports sponsor, with its headquarters in Regent Centre near Newcastle upon Tyne and, at the…

Said on the stock exchange of a transaction that a member of the exchange handles on his or her own behalf. – See exchange trader, individual, stock exchange trader, backdrop, price broker, local, market,…

Unless otherwise defined, short-term transactions in central bank money between banks in a currency area (this market allows for large financial institutions, such as banks and mutual funds, to borrow and lend money at…

In older documents, the bank’s written calculation of securities bought or sold. – On commodity exchanges and in trade, formerly used for the listing of shipped goods with weight specification. – In former times…

Especially in older financial language, a promise to pay a specified amount on demand or at a certain time. – Colloquially often for banknote (a piece of paper money). – See notes. – Cf.…

A bank that puts paper money (bank bills) into circulation. – Today, this term is still sometimes used for the central bank. Some even refer to it as the central bank. – See coin…

Certificate for an amount that is to be repaid shortly. Until the 19th century, this form of promise of payment was particularly widespread in commercial dealings between trusted business partners; it has become very…

Promises of any kind to pay a specified amount on demand or at a certain time. – Private placements. – See commercial papers, credit-linked notes, euro notes, medium-term notes, note. Attention: The financial encyclopedia…

In jargon, the concealment of even very high risks in a more or less prominent note somewhere in the notes to the balance sheet, in the management report, or elsewhere. – See disclosures, disguised,…

Within the framework of the Stability and Growth Pact, pursuant to Art. 126 TFEU, a request to a member with an excessive deficit to reduce its debt level within a specified period. In case…

The conversion of a debt obligation by issuing a new one in place of the cancelled one (substitution of a new obligation for an old one). – The entry of a new creditor or…

A term for central bank purchases in general and, in particular, for the ECB’s decision in 2009 to purchase non-marketable government bonds of member countries. According to the prevailing opinion in monetary theory, bond…

Australian gold coin issued since 1987, originally in the standard size of 1 troy ounce of gold and acquired for investment purposes, mainly in Asia. Meanwhile, there are also larger pieces, such as 2…

to process numerical or mathematical data): In the context of monetary policy, a central bank that does not base its policy solely on key figures defined by itself but also analyzes, or even primarily…

Any account at a bank that is not kept under the name and address of the customer, but solely under the account number. When the account is opened, however, an identity check is carried…

In general, the history of money as a historical auxiliary science dealing with past means of payment (the science of coins, tokens, medals, paper money, and objects closely resembling them in form or purpose).…

The description and orderly presentation of coinage systems (the part of numismatics concerned with the description and classification of coins). – See numismatics. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only…

Formerly common in German territorial states, this fee was payable at wedding celebrations. – In Nassau-Orania, for example, a table of ten people was exempt from the fee. Each person beyond this number had…

Also a common abbreviation in German. for New York Stock Exchange, the New York securities exchange that until now has determined the guideline throughout the world. On March 8, 2006, after 214 years of…