All liabilities of the state, as meant primarily in connection with the EU Treaty or the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). – In the summer of 2009, the EU decided to exclude from public debt the special purpose vehicles set up to bail out banks occasionally during the financial crisis, which was criticized as a “disastrous fault.” – See euro crisis, fiscal drag, Rogoff study, shadow debt, sensitivity analysis, fiscal, seven percent limit, government debt,
Sovereign debt crisis, sovereign debt repayment, sovereign debt-interest rate relationship, sustainability gap, debt ratio, public. – Cf. Deutsche Bundesbank Monthly Report of April 2010, pp. 15 ff (figures for Germany; p. 21: important delimitations), Deutsche Bundesbank Annual Report 2010, pp. 92 ff (measures to contain government debt), ECB Annual Report 2010, pp. 83 ff (costs and benefits of fiscal consolidation; references), ECB Monthly Report of April 2012, pp. 63 ff. (detailed account of debt sustainability in relation to the euro area as a whole and individual members; many overviews), (detailed account of the sovereign debt crisis; many overviews; references), Financial Stability Report 2012, p. 21 ff (doubts about the debt sustainability of some euro area members lead to crisis of confidence), Cf. ECB Monthly Bulletin of March 2013, p. 92 ff (growth inhibition of high government debt; overviews; references), ECB Monthly Bulletin of April 2013, p. 24 ff (debt of individual euro area member states; references). Liabilities of individual euro area member states to foreign countries; overviews; trends), ECB Monthly Report of May 2013, p. 93 ff (in-depth analysis of the debt levels of euro area members; overviews; references), Deutsche Bundesbank Monthly Report of January 2014, p. 41 ff (overcoming the crisis of confidence triggered by excessive government debt; many overviews; references).
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University Professor Dr. Gerhard Merk, Dipl.rer.pol., Dipl.rer.oec.
Professor Dr. Eckehard Krah, Dipl.rer.pol.
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https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard_Ernst_Merk
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https://www.gerhardmerk.de/