cash settlement agent
A cash settlement agent is the bank or other institution through which the monetary side of a payment or securities transaction is completed. It settles amounts owed between system participants, often by making or…
Month: August 2026
Capital Requirements Regulation / Capital Requirements Directive (CRR/CRD IV)
CRR/CRD IV is the EU banking rulebook that sets the framework for how banks and certain investment firms are authorised, supervised, and required to manage financial risk. It combines directly applicable capital and risk…
cash-in machine
A cash-in machine is a bank-operated terminal that credits physical euro notes to a customer’s account after the customer has been authenticated. It is designed solely for receiving deposits and cannot dispense cash, providing…
central bank money
Central bank money is the payment instrument created by a monetary authority and accepted as final settlement within the financial system. It includes cash in circulation and reserve balances that eligible financial institutions hold…
card issuer
A card issuer is the organization responsible for providing a customer with a payment card and overseeing the account linked to it. When the card is used, the issuer checks the transaction, applies its…
cash/settlement approach
Under this basis, an entry is posted only once funds or other contractual consideration have actually changed hands. Authorising, arranging, or initiating the transaction does not by itself determine the reporting period.
cash withdrawal
Cash withdrawal refers to receiving notes or coins using funds held with a financial provider, typically through a card, device, or other approved method. The provider subtracts the withdrawn amount from the relevant balance…
cashback (cash advance at POS terminal)
POS cash-back is a retail payment feature that lets a shopper obtain physical currency during checkout. The payment instrument is charged for both the merchandise and the requested cash, which the retailer dispenses at…
bilateral exposure
Bilateral exposure measures the potential financial loss arising from a specific counterparty relationship if that counterparty does not fulfill its contractual duties. It can apply to lending, trading, settlement and other obligations involving institutions,…
bilateral net settlement system
A bilateral net settlement system determines what each participating institution owes or is owed by another institution after offsetting their transactions over a specified period. Only the residual amount between the two institutions is…