July 2023 - Page 12 of 823 - Dr. Gerhard Merk

Availability

In an institution, the ability to provide business and information to customers within a given framework. – See churn rate, accessibility, ease of use, relationship management, call center, container banking, remote access, automated teller machine, branch, fully automated, well-managed, intensive care unit, customer defense service, customer retention, customer service, customer care agent, service line. Attention:… read more »

Comparability

Principle in accounting and regulatory law according to which the same facts must be treated in the same way by all companies in order to be able to compare and assess transactions at different companies. – See mark-to-model approach. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for private purposes… read more »

Market value, sales value, commercial value, current market price

Primarily used in connection with real estate. It is understood to mean the price which – at the time to which the determination relates – could be obtained in the course of business on the basis of the legal circumstances and actual characteristics, – the other properties and – the location of the property or… read more »

Lock-up periods

Agreements under private law with (initial) purchasers of shares or other marketable papers on the date up to which they may not be sold on the stock exchange, especially in the case of large blocks of shares. – The purpose of such a lock-up period is primarily to ensure that confidence in the company is… read more »

Traffic accident (traffic accident, road accident)

An event in which people are injured or even killed and/or property is damaged as a result of driving on public roads. – From the point of view of national accounts, traffic accidents increase the national product and thus prosperity. This is because statistically, services in connection with an accident, such as the deployment of… read more »

Code of ethics

A set of rules, particularly for stock corporations in the U.S., which sets out certain rules of conduct for the management board and supervisory board members. According to this code, managers and supervisory board members must make declarations at certain intervals, for example on the (sale) purchase of shares. It may be difficult or impossible… read more »

Constitutional article one

Biting term for the fact that “vested interests are untouchable. Legislators find it extremely difficult to cut government spending even slightly in any field, such as social welfare, cultural promotion, education or defense. Monetary policy has to take this into account. – See Adjustment inflation, Monetary awareness, Budget pre-reconciliation, European, Semester, European, Sovereign debt, Sovereign… read more »

Lapse and compulsory exclusion (lapse)

In the case of a life insurance policy, the automatic lapse under the terms of the policy if the policy owner falls behind with the premium (the termination of an insurance policy because of the owner of the policy failing to pay the premium within the grace period [commonly within 30 days after the last… read more »

Loss limiting; short hedge

In general, any type of transaction aimed at avoiding a possible trading loss altogether or at keeping it within manageable limits. – In the case of options, the taking of a short position in the futures market for the purpose of hedging a long position in the cash market. – See replacement sale, hedging. Attention:… read more »

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